1 surely

2 certainly

3 necessarily

4 fixed

5 a certain (extent etc)

6 given

7 particular

8 must

1 surname Xiang

1 old variant of 野[yě]

1 direction

2 orientation

3 path to follow

4 classifier: 个 gè

1 to decide (to do something)

2 to resolve

3 decision

4 classifier: 个 gè

5 classifier: 项 xiàng

6 certainly

1 (idiom) it's a deal

2 that's settled then

1 man can conquer nature (idiom); human wisdom can prevail over nature

1 facing a wall, an imaginary construction (idiom); baseless fabrication

1 facing a wall, an imaginary construction (idiom); baseless fabrication

1 lit. to face the corner (idiom)

2 fig. to miss out on sth