ChinesePod

duǐ zhège zì de dúyīn wèi du ǐ ，zài běifāng Fāngyán zhōng yòngyú biǎodá yòng shǒu tuī zhuàng huò yòng yǔyán fǎnbó 。zài Wǎngluò zhōng chángyòng duǐ lái fǎnbó duìfāng ，dàiyǒu yǔyán tiǎoxìn de yìwèi 。

怼: The pronunciation "duǐ" is used in the northern dialect to express "a nudge or a push "or "to rebut with language". On the web, "怼" is often used to refute the other party, with a hint of provocation.

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嗯，还真是这样！各种语言好像都有挺多的英语外来词汇，毕竟它是全球性的语言嘛。不过汉语里也有一些来自日语的外来词。它们在日语里就以汉字形式出现，但有些读音和意思都和汉语不同。这部分外来词我们一般不容易感受到。

ng4 ，hái zhēnshì zhèyàng ！gèzhǒng yǔyán hǎoxiàng dōu yǒu tǐng duō de yīngyǔ wàilái cíhuì ，bìjìng tā shì quánqiúxìng de yǔyán ma 。bùguò hànyǔ lǐ yě yǒu yīxiē láizì rìyǔ de wàiláicí 。tāmen zài rìyǔ lǐ jiù yǐ hànzì xíngshì chūxiàn ，dàn yǒuxiē dúyīn hé yìsi dōu hé hànyǔ bùtóng 。zhè bùfen wàiláicí wǒmen yībān bù róngyì gǎnshòudào 。

Oh, it's so true. It seems like all languages have a lot of words from English. It is a global language, after all. But Chinese also has some words from Japanese. In Japanese, they are expressed with Chinese characters, but some of their readings and meanings are different. It's generally not easy for us to come into contact with these.

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首先，是“记少不记多”。许多多音字的其中一种读音只在一个或几个词语中出现。这种时候，只要记住这些特殊发音的词，就能掌握这个多音字了。就像“埋单”的“埋”，除了在“埋怨”中发man2这个音以外，其他的都读mai2。

shǒuxiān ，shì “jì shǎo bù jì duō ”。xǔduō duōyīnzì de qízhōng yīzhǒng dúyīn zhǐ zài yī ge huò jǐge cíyǔ zhōng chūxiàn 。zhèzhǒng shíhou ，zhǐyào jìzhu zhèxiē tèshū fāyīn de cí ，jiù néng zhǎngwò zhège duōyīnzì le 。jiùxiàng “máidān ”de “mái ”，chúle zài “mányuàn ”zhōng fā mán zhège yīn yǐwài ，qítā de dōu dú mái 。

First, there's ''remember a little, not a lot." A lot of characters with multiple readings have one pronunciation that only appears in one or two words. In that kind of situation, you only need to remember the special pronunciations and you'll have a firm grasp on the character. For example, the ''mai" in ''to pay the bill" is always read as ''mai," except when it appears as ''man" in the word ''complain."

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可要是一个多音字的几种读音都很常用，那该怎么办呢？

kě yàoshì yī ge duōyīnzì de jǐzhǒng dúyīn dōu hěn chángyòng ，nà gāi zěnme bàn ne ？

But what can you do if a character's multiple readings are all really common?

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一般来说可以根据词义、词性和语体来判断该读哪个音。比如说“鲜”，解释为“新鲜”的时候读第一声xian1，解释为“少”的时候则读第三声xian3，这就是根据词义来读。除了词义以外，词性也是判断读音的一个重要依据。比如“为”，作介词的时候读第四声wei4，作动词的时候则读第二声wei2，我们常常说的“事在人为”中的“为”就是动词。

yībānláishuō kěyǐ gēnjù cíyì 、cíxìng hé yǔtī lái pànduàn gāi dú nǎge yīn 。bǐrú shuō “xiān ”，jiěshì wéi “xīnxiān ”de shíhou dú dìyī shēng xiān ，jiěshì wéi “shǎo ”de shíhou zé dú dì sān shēng xiǎn ，zhè jiùshì gēnjù cíyì lái dú 。chúle cíyì yǐwài ，cíxìng yě shì pànduàn dúyīn de yī ge zhòngyào yījù 。bǐrú “wèi ”，zuò jiècí de shíhou dú dì sì shēng wèi ，zuò dòngcí de shíhou zé dú dì èr shēng wéi ，wǒmen chángcháng shuō de “shìzàirénwéi ”zhōng de “wéi ”jiùshì dòngcí 。

Generally, you can judge by the meaning, type or style of the character. For example, when it means ''fresh," the character ''xian" is read with the first tone. When it means ''few," it's read with the third tone. That's reading by meaning. You can also use the type of the word to figure out its reading. For instance, when it's used as a preposition, the word ''wei" is read as a fourth tone. When it's a verb, it's read as second tone. The common phrase ''people make things happen" uses ''wei" as a verb.

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语体通常分为口语和书面语。有些多音字的读音也取决于语体色彩，像“血”这个字，用在合成词和成语中，属于书面语用法，应该读成xue4。如果是单独使用或用在短语中，就属于口语用法，读成xie3。

yǔtī tōngcháng fēnwéi kǒuyǔ hé shūmiànyǔ 。yǒuxiē duōyīnzì de dúyīn yě qǔjué yú yǔtī sècǎi ，xiàng “xiě ”zhège zì ，yòng zài héchéngcí hé chéngyǔ zhōng ，shǔyú shūmiànyǔ yòngfǎ ，yīnggāi dú chéng xuè 。rúguǒ shì dāndú shǐyòng huò yòng zài duǎnyǔ zhōng ，jiù shǔyú kǒuyǔ yòngfǎ ，dú chéng xiě 。

Generally, style is classified as oral or written. Some pronunciations are determined by the shade of meaning in a style. Like the word ''blood." When it's used with other characters, or in proverbs, it's being used in the written style, and should be pronounced ''xue." When it's on its own, or in short phrases, it is oral, and should be read ''xie."

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原来是这样啊，那你刚才说的根据语体判断读音又是怎么回事呢？

yuánlái shì zhèyàng ā ，nà nǐ gāngcái shuō de gēnjù yǔtī pànduàn dúyīn yòu shì zěnme huíshì ne ？

Oh, so that's how it is. What did you mean just then by using style to pick a reading?

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因为它们的读音和它们的词性有关系。

yīnwèi tāmen de dúyīn hé tāmen de cíxìng yǒuguānxì 。

Because their pronunciation has to do with what part of speech they are.

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多音字，就是有两个或者两个以上的读音。

duōyīnzì ，jiùshì yǒu liǎng gè huò zhě liǎng gè yǐshàng de dúyīn 。

A homograph is a character that has two or more pronunciations.

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今天的多音字有一个特点。它是在做姓氏的时候，读音不一样。

jīntiān de duōyīnzì yǒu yī gè tèdiǎn 。tā shì zài zuò xìngshì de shíhou ，dúyīn bù yīyàng 。

Today's polyphonic characters have a special characteristic. It's that when they are used as a surname, they are pronounced differently.

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