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汉语中的外来词

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ID: 0331 Advanced
咖啡，可乐，沙发……你是否还记得用了多长时间来记住这些词？一秒钟？天才！一分钟？常人！一个小时？哎！……跟借东西一样，随着社会的发展，当汉语原有的词汇不够用的时候，它也会向其它语言借一部分词来应急。有时我们可以清楚地判断出哪个词是外来词，但有时可能只有语言学家才能知道其中的奥秘了。
Sun Nov 12 2006 | Jenny, 肖霞
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Detailed Vocabulary
Each lesson has it's unique vocabulary and will provide you with definitions and recordings so you can practice the pronunciation. You will also be able to grasp the core material of a lesson at a glance. Here we're showing you the Simplified Chinese version.
SIMPLIFIED PINYIN ENGLISH  
料理 liàolǐ to handle
气息 qìxī breath
成天 chéngtiān all day long
长此以往 chángcǐyǐwǎng if the situation continues this way
我现在在学日语，发现里面有好多直接从英语音译过来的外来词。
wǒ xiànzài zài xué rìyǔ ，fāxiàn lǐmiàn yǒu hǎoduō zhíjiē cóng yīngyǔ yīnyì guòlai de wàiláicí 。
I'm studying Japanese now. I'm finding that there are a lot of words that were directly transliterated from the English.
是啊，其实汉语里也有好多这样的词汇呢。而且很多都是我们常用的，比如，汉堡包、咖啡、可乐、沙发、克隆。还有一些新的网络词汇，比如博客、播客。咱们的生活还真离不开它们呢！
shì ā ，qíshí hànyǔ lǐ yě yǒu hǎoduō zhèyàng de cíhuì ne 。érqiě hěnduō dōu shì wǒmen chángyòng de ，bǐrú ，hànbǎobāo 、kāfēi 、kělè 、shāfā 、kèlóng 。hái yǒu yīxiē xīn de wǎngluò cíhuì ，bǐrú bókè 、bōkè 。zánmen de shēnghuó hái zhēn líbukāi tāmen ne ！
Yeah. Actually, Chinese also has a lot of words like that. And a lot of them are frequently used, like hamburger, coffee, cola, sofa and clone. Plus there are some new Internet words, like blog and podcast. They're an inseparable part of our lives!
嗯，还真是这样！各种语言好像都有挺多的英语外来词汇，毕竟它是全球性的语言嘛。不过汉语里也有一些来自日语的外来词。它们在日语里就以汉字形式出现，但有些读音和意思都和汉语不同。这部分外来词我们一般不容易感受到。
ng4 ，hái zhēnshì zhèyàng ！gèzhǒng yǔyán hǎoxiàng dōu yǒu tǐng duō de yīngyǔ wàilái cíhuì ，bìjìng tā shì quánqiúxìng de yǔyán ma 。bùguò hànyǔ lǐ yě yǒu yīxiē láizì rìyǔ de wàiláicí 。tāmen zài rìyǔ lǐ jiù yǐ hànzì xíngshì chūxiàn ，dàn yǒuxiē dúyīn hé yìsi dōu hé hànyǔ bùtóng 。zhè bùfen wàiláicí wǒmen yībān bù róngyì gǎnshòudào 。
Oh, it's so true. It seems like all languages have a lot of words from English. It is a global language, after all. But Chinese also has some words from Japanese. In Japanese, they are expressed with Chinese characters, but some of their readings and meanings are different. It's generally not easy for us to come into contact with these.
看来你学日语还挺认真的！我觉得这几年汉语来自日语的词汇特别多，比如：量贩店、料理、人气、写真等等。不过我觉得这些词还是带有挺重的日本气息。
kànlai nǐ xué rìyǔ hái tǐng rènzhēn de ！wǒ juéde zhè jǐ nián hànyǔ láizì rìyǔ de cíhuì tèbié duō ，bǐrú ：liàngfàndiàn 、liàolǐ 、rénqì 、xiězhēn děngděng 。bùguò wǒ juéde zhèxiē cí háishì dàiyǒu tǐng zhòng de rìběn qìxī 。
Looks like you've studied Japanese very diligently! I think in the last few years a lot of words have come into Chinese from the Japanese. For example: wholesale stores, cuisine, popularity, portrait and so on. But I think these words have a very strong Japanese flavor.
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