1 cause

2 origin

3 root cause

4 reason

5 classifier: 个 gè

1 old variant of 因[yīn]

1 because

2 owing to

3 on account of

1 basic

2 fundamental

3 main

4 elementary

1 surname Chang

1 complete change from the normal state (idiom); quite uncharacteristic

2 entirely outside the norm

3 out of character

1 untainted by even a speck of dust (idiom); selfless and incorruptible

2 spotless

1 three principles and five virtues (idiom)

2 the three rules (ruler guides subject, father guides son and husband guides wife) and five constant virtues of Confucianism (benevolence 仁, righteousness 義|义, propriety 禮|礼, wisdom 智 and fidelity 信)

1 not a word or movement (idiom); remaining calm and collected

2 not batting an eyelid

1 mutually related karma (idiom); fates are intertwined

2 interdependent