1 forty-eighth year H12 of the 60 year cycle, e.g. 1971 or 2031

2 cf 辛亥革命[Xīn hài Gé mìng], Xinhai Revolution of 1911

1 exhausting

2 hard

3 tough

4 arduous

5 to work hard

6 to go to a lot of trouble

7 hardship(s)

1 to suffer untold hardships (idiom); trials and tribulations

2 with difficulty

3 after some effort

1 hardships

2 arduous

3 difficult

1 hardworking

2 industrious

1 to have suffered all kinds of hardships (idiom)

1 to suffer untold hardships (idiom); trials and tribulations

2 with difficulty

3 after some effort

1 to suffer every possible torment (idiom); bitter hardship

2 to bear one's cross

1 to make industrious and diligent efforts (idiom)