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外交辞令 4/4 (Diplomat Series)

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IN THIS LESSON
ID: 2897 Advanced
  在”外交系列“课程的最后一课，我们会听到各种不同的外交级别以及应用范围，有些词也许你并不陌生，或是听了这课以后，你会开始对这些词汇更加敏锐。 Photo by David Morris
Fri May 27 2016 | Fiona Tian, Constance Fang
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SIMPLIFIED PINYIN ENGLISH  
召回 zhàohuí to recall
断交 duànjiāo to cut relations
举动 jǔdòng move; action
指责 zhǐzé criticism
在外交具体行动中依事件的严重程度，主要有：召回大使、降低外交级别、断交。而断交则属于外交具体行动中最严重的举动。如2012年九月，加拿大指责伊朗向叙利亚阿萨德政权提供军事援助，宣布断交。
zài wàijiāo jùtǐ xíngdòng zhōng yī shìjiàn de yánzhòng chéngdù ，zhǔyào yǒu ：zhàohuí dàshǐ 、jiàngdī wàijiāo jíbié 、duànjiāo 。ér duànjiāo zé shǔyú wàijiāo jùtǐ xíngdòng zhōng zuì yánzhòng de jǔdòng 。rú 2012 nián jiǔyuè ，Jiānádà zhǐzé yīlǎng xiàng xùlìyǎ āsàdé zhèngquán tígōng jūnshì yuánzhù ，xuānbù duànjiāo 。
In terms of practical diplomatic moves, according to how serious an incident is, the main ones are: recalling an ambassador, lowering an official's diplomatic rank and breaking off diplomatic ties. And breaking off diplomatic ties is the most serious among practical diplomatic moves. Like in September 2012, Canada criticized Iran for providing military aid to the Assad regime in Syria, and announced the breaking off of diplomatic ties.
同时我们常听到各种伙伴关系，前提既然是国家利益，因此根据不同的国家利益，伙伴关系也有很多级别。
tóngshí wǒmen cháng tīngdào gèzhǒng huǒbàn guānxi ，qiántí jìrán shì guójiā lìyì ，yīncǐ gēnjù bùtóng de guójiā lìyì ，huǒbàn guānxi yě yǒu hěn duō jíbié 。
At the same time we often hear of all kinds of partnerships, the prerequisite is national interest, because according to different national interests, partnerships have a lot of different levels.
中国已建交的约170个国家里头，将近60个曾被冠以各种“伙伴关系”，比如中俄“全面战略协作伙伴关系”、中美“建设性的战略伙伴关系”、中英“全球性的战略伙伴关系”、中巴“全天候的战略伙伴关系”、中日“面向二十一世纪的战略伙伴关系”，以及习近平主席出访欧洲时，曾倡导中法建设“新型全面战略伙伴关系”、中德建立“全方位战略伙伴关系”。
Zhōngguó yǐ jiànjiāo de yuē yībǎiqīshí gè guójiā lǐtou ，jiāngjìn liùshí gè céng bèi guàn yǐ gèzhǒng “huǒbàn guānxi ”，bǐrú zhōng é “quánmiàn zhànlüè xiézuò huǒbàn guānxi ”、Zhōng Měi “jiànshèxìng de zhànlüè huǒbàn guānxi ”、zhōng yīng “quánqiúxìng de zhànlüè huǒbàn guānxi ”、zhōng bā “quántiānhòu de zhànlüè huǒbàn guānxi ”、zhōng rì “miànxiàng èrshíyī shìjì de zhànlüè huǒbàn guānxi ”，yǐjí xíjìnpíng zhǔxí chūfǎng Ōuzhōu shí ，céng chàngdǎo zhōng fǎ jiànshè “xīnxíng quánmiàn zhànlüè huǒbàn guānxi ”、zhōng dé jiànlì “quánfāngwèi zhànlüè huǒbàn guānxi ”。
China has already established diplomatic relations with almost 170 countries, almost 60 "relationships" with various names, like China and Russia's "Comprehensive Strategic Partnership", China and the USA's "Constructive Strategic Partnership", China and the UK's "Global Strategic Partnership", China and Pakistan's "All-weather Strategic Partnership", China and Japan's "Strategic Partnership Facing the 21st Century", and when Xi Jinping visited Europe, he once proposed that France and China establish a "new type of Comprehensive and Strategic partnership" and that China and Germany to establish "Comprehensive Strategic Partnership".
伙伴”按关系的密切程度和力度分为：合作伙伴、全面合作伙伴、战略伙伴和全面战略伙伴。“全面”指的是合作领域更广，包括政治、经济、文化、军事等；“战略”则意味着合作层次更高，从整体上、全局上、核心利益上都具有一致性。
huǒbàn ”àn guānxi de mìqiē chéngdù hé lìdù fēnwéi ：hézuòhuǒbàn 、quánmiàn hézuòhuǒbàn 、zhànlüè huǒbàn hé quánmiàn zhànlüè huǒbàn 。“quánmiàn ”zhǐ de shì to collaborate lǐngyù gèng guǎng ，bāokuò zhèngzhì 、jīngjì 、wénhuà 、jūnshì děng ；“zhànlüè ”zé yìwèi zhe to collaborate céngcì gènggāo ，cóng zhěngtǐ shàng 、quánjú shàng 、héxīn lìyì shàng dōu jùyǒu yīzhìxìng 。
"Partner" is divided by the intimacy and degree of the relationship, like cooperative partner, comprehensive cooperative partner, strategic partner and comprehensive strategic partner. "Comprehensive" indicates that the fields of cooperation are broader, including politics, economics, cultural and military; "strategic", on the other hand, means that the level of cooperation is on a higher level, that there is consistency holistically, overall and in terms of core interests.
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